Nature Cell Biology contents: September 2013 Volume 15 Number 9, pp 1019 - 1131

TABLE OF CONTENTS September 2013 Volume 15, Issue 9 Review News and Views Research Highlights Articles Letters Erratum Advertisement Introducing the S3™ Cell Sorter from Bio-Rad. This state-of-the-art benchtop solution features automated setup and costs up to 50% less than traditional systems. Watch the Video Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement nature.com webcasts Macmillan Science Communication presents a custom webcast on: Live-cell RNA detection and its use in identifying cancer stem cells within mixed populations Wednesday September 11th 9am PDT / 12pm EDT / 5pm BST / 6pm CEST  Register for the free webcast followed by our live Q & A session  Sponsored by:     Review Top A cost-benefit analysis of the physical mechanisms of membrane curvature   pp1019 - 1027 Jeanne C. Stachowiak, Frances M. Brodsky and Elizabeth A. Miller doi:10.1038/ncb2832 Multiple processes in the cell require curved membranes. Stachowiak, Brodsky and Miller discuss how lipids and vesicle cargo proteins represent energy barriers to membrane bending, and how different mechanisms may operate to overcome these barriers as drivers of membrane curvature. News and Views Top Swapping CENP-A at the centromere   pp1028 - 1030 Bradley T. French and Aaron F. Straight doi:10.1038/ncb2833 Faithful genome segregation depends on the functions of the eukaryotic centromere, which is characterized by the histone variant CENP-A. Gene replacement in human cells and fission yeast has now been used to show how CENP-A biochemically encodes centromere identity, as well as reveal an unexpected role for CENP-B in centromere function. See also: Article by Fachinetti et al. CENP-E hangs on at dynamic microtubule ends   pp1030 - 1032 Melissa K. Gardner doi:10.1038/ncb2836 During mitosis, kinetochores attach to microtubule plus ends, thus allowing dynamic microtubules to properly segregate chromosomes. How this type of 'end-on' attachment between microtubule plus ends and kinetochores is formed and maintained is unclear. CENP-E, a kinesin-7 family member, is now shown to have a role in associating kinetochores with dynamic microtubule plus ends. See also: Article by Gudimchuk et al. Research Highlights Metalloproteinases in mammary stem cell activity | Phosphatidylinositol control of endocytosis | Platelets assist in extravasation | Controlling lifespan with NAD+ Cell Biology JOBS of the week Stem Cell Biology Researcher The Czech Genetic Bank Ltd. Assistant or Associate Professor in Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology Katholieke Universiteit Leuven PostDoc Position Charité Berlin Postdoctoral Fellowships Baylor College of Medicine Post Doctorate Researcher Istanbul University Institute of Experimental Medicine More Science jobs from Cell Biology EVENT Cell Biology of Yeasts 5th - 9th November 2013 Cold Spring Harbor, USA More science events from Articles Top Stromal–epithelial crosstalk regulates kidney progenitor cell differentiation   pp1035 - 1044 Amrita Das, Shunsuke Tanigawa, Courtney M. Karner, Mei Xin, Lawrence Lum et al. doi:10.1038/ncb2828 Carroll and colleagues show that the atypical cadherin Fat4 derived from stromal fibroblasts cooperates with Wnt9b produced by the ureteric bud to modulate self-renewal and differentiation of kidney progenitors. Wg and Wnt4 provide long-range directional input to planar cell polarity orientation in Drosophila   pp1045 - 1055 Jun Wu, Angel-Carlos Roman, Jose Maria Carvajal-Gonzalez and Marek Mlodzik doi:10.1038/ncb2806 Upstream inputs providing directional bias in cellular polarity within the plane of an epithelium (PCP) remain unclear. Mlodzik and colleagues found that the Wnt ligand Wingless and Drosophila Wnt homologue dWnt4 establish the PCP axis perpendicular to their expression domain through modulating interactions between the recognized core PCP components Frizzled and Van Gogh. A two-step mechanism for epigenetic specification of centromere identity and function   pp1056 - 1066 Daniele Fachinetti, H. Diego Folco, Yael Nechemia-Arbely, Luis P. Valente, Kristen Nguyen et al. doi:10.1038/ncb2805 The centromere-specific histone H3 variant CENP-A is sufficient for centromere specification in many species. Cleveland and colleagues have used an elegant gene targeting strategy to define a two-step mechanism for how CENP-A acts in centromere targeting and kinetochore assembly and function. See also: News and Views by French & Straight Uba1 functions in Atg7- and Atg3-independent autophagy   pp1067 - 1078 Tsun-Kai Chang, Bhupendra V. Shravage, Sebastian D. Hayes, Christine M. Powers, Rachel T. Simin et al. doi:10.1038/ncb2804 Autophagy, which is believed to be an Atg7- and Atg3-dependent process, is known to be involved in animal development. Baehrecke and colleagues show that autophagy drives the controlled degradation of the developing Drosophila midgut. Interestingly, this process is Atg7- and Atg3-independent, and instead requires the E1-activating enzyme Uba1 for programmed reduction of cell size in the midgut. Kinetochore kinesin CENP-E is a processive bi-directional tracker of dynamic microtubule tips   pp1079 - 1088 Nikita Gudimchuk, Benjamin Vitre, Yumi Kim, Anatoly Kiyatkin, Don W. Cleveland et al. doi:10.1038/ncb2831 Grishchuk and colleagues report that CENP-E, which is known to transport chromosomes towards the plus end of spindle microtubules, is also able to track microtubule tips bi-directionally. See also: News and Views by Gardner Letters Top Establishment of totipotency does not depend on Oct4A   pp1089 - 1097 Guangming Wu, Dong Han, Yu Gong, Vittorio Sebastiano, Luca Gentile et al. doi:10.1038/ncb2816 Oct4 is a core component of the regulatory network of pluripotency. Schöler and colleagues found that establishment of totipotency was not affected by genetic elimination of maternal Oct4a, with live offspring being born and oocytes able to reprogram somatic cell nuclei. However, ablation of both maternal and zygotic Oct4a led to the formation of an inner cell mass that was not pluripotent. A HCN4+ cardiomyogenic progenitor derived from the first heart field and human pluripotent stem cells   pp1098 - 1106 Daniela Später, Monika K. Abramczuk, Kristina Buac, Lior Zangi, Maxine W. Stachel et al. doi:10.1038/ncb2824 The mammalian heart is formed from two distinct groups of mesodermal cells, the first and second heart fields (FHF and SHF). Little is known about the progenitors giving rise to the FHF, but Chien and colleagues have now identified HCN4 (hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 4) as an FHF marker. They show by lineage tracing that cells expressing HCN4 primarily contribute to cardiomyogenic lineages, and use this marker to isolate FHF progenitors from differentiation cultures of human embryonic stem cells. Primary cilium migration depends on G-protein signalling control of subapical cytoskeleton   pp1107 - 1115 Jerome Ezan, Léa Lasvaux, Aysegul Gezer, Ana Novakovic, Helen May-Simera et al. doi:10.1038/ncb2819 It has been shown that planar cell polarity (PCP) signalling and cilium positioning are linked. Montcouquiol and colleagues now show that G-protein signalling, through the GTP-binding G-protein subunit Gαi3 and the apicobasal polarity protein mPins, modulates cilium positioning cell autonomously. They also show that PCP signalling controls cilium positioning at the tissue level. XMAP215 activity sets spindle length by controlling the total mass of spindle microtubules   pp1116 - 1122 Simone B. Reber, Johannes Baumgart, Per O. Widlund, Andrei Pozniakovsky, Jonathon Howard et al. doi:10.1038/ncb2834 Hyman and colleagues modulate the activity of the XMAP215 microtubule polymerase and show that spindle length is proportional to the maximum microtubule growth velocity set by XMAP215. Tissue damage detection by osmotic surveillance   pp1123 - 1130 Balázs Enyedi, Snigdha Kala, Tijana Nikolich-Zugich and Philipp Niethammer doi:10.1038/ncb2818 Niethammer and colleagues report that leukocytes are recruited to damaged tissue sites in zebrafish through an osmotic signalling network that responds to changes in osmolarity between the interstitial fluid and the external environment. Erratum Top Linking HSCs to their youth   p1131 Eric M. Pietras and Emmanuelle Passegue doi:10.1038/ncb2841 Top Advertisement MSC Scientific editing Raise your chances of being published in high-ranked international journals by using MSC Scientific Editing. Our Nature-standard editors understand what it takes to get published in high-impact journals. Get them to work on your manuscript today! msc.macmillan.com/en/editing       Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. 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